textiles glossary P-S
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PPermanent AOX - (see AOX)Perspiration fastness, alkaline and acid - the retention of colour by fabrics when exposed to perspiration, alkaline and acid. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) - a colourless, water-soluble resin made by the hydrolysis of a polyvinyl ester (usually the acetate). Polyvinyl alcohol is used in textile processing as a size (see sizing), frequently for nylon, and in fibre manufacture as a raw material for the production of polyvinyl alcohol fibres. Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) - it is tasteless, odourless and insoluble in most organic solvents. A member of the family vinyl resin used in soft flexible films for packaging and in moulded rigid products, such as fibres, upholstery, and bristles. QQuaternary ammonium compounds (QAC)- commonly used as antiseptics, disinfectants, detergents and preservatives. QAC's have a biocidal effect.RRelation of biodegradability / eliminability (OECD 301, 302A, 302B/303A) 2) to aquatic toxicity (LC50 or EC50 or IC50; OECD 201, 202, 203) Biodegradability is normally given as a percentage. Aquatic Toxicity is defined in this glossary.A substance that has a low biodegradability causes less environmental damage if it also has a low aquatic toxicity, as it will breakdown easily and it's toxic effect will be shorter lived. For this reason the level of aquatic toxicity permitted by the standards for any substance will vary depending on the biodegradability of that substance. Retting - the process of soaking flax in water to rot the hard stems to ease the process of beating into fibres. The process can also be applied to rags. Rubbing fastness, dry - the retention of colour by fabrics when exposed to rubbing when dry. Rubbing fastness, wet - the retention of colour by fabrics when exposed to rubbing when wet. SSaliva fastness - the retention of colour by materials when exposed to saliva.Selvedge - the edge of a fabric that is woven so that it will not unravel or fray. Shrinkage values when wet - the widthways or lengthways contraction of a fibre, yarn or fabric after wetting. Sizing - a generic term for compounds that are applied to warp yarn to bind the fibre together and stiffen the yarn to provide abrasion resistance during weaving. E.g. starch. Textiles News
NC research firm to bring 120 jobs to SC - The Associated Press
Textile firms renew demand for banning cotton exports - Business Standard
Maran stresses need for FDI in textile sector - Hindu Business Line
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